Research Abstracts

This article contains an analysis of the current situation in Spain with respect to the reuse of treated effluent, outlining the different experiences obtained together with the future prospects. In matters concerning reuse, Spanish Law places particular emphasis on the planning of basic State regul

A key element in the Aquarec project is the development of a water treatment matrix in which wastewater treatment process schemes are categorized as a function of the raw wastewater quality and the reuse application. Starting point is the definition of reuse applications; municipal wastewater can be

The full implementation of the Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive (91/271/EEC) in Europe will contribute to obtain treated wastewaters of quite high quality that could be reused for certain applications or improved by polishing steps for uses with higher quality requirements. Even though reclaime

This paper aims at presenting a point of view that, in the author’s opinion, is not considered sufficiently in discussion forums regarding water treatment. This point of view is the one provided in Spain by the so called contractor-operator companies, which are the ones with most practical experienc

The city of Buenos Aires, the capital town of Argentina, is located besides De la Plata river, and is surrounded by a continuum of built areas, the so-called Greater Buenos Aires. The present situation of sewerage system is described and analysed taking into account: distance from Buenos Aires city,

The use of water from the wastewater reclamation plant serving the south of Barcelona, Spain, will contribute with new resources to help to solve the water scarcity problem that the Barcelona metropolitan area suffers at present. When the plant starts to operate, it is scheduled to reuse 50 Mm3/y of

Though rapid changes are likely to occur, until recently most Mediterranean countries had neither water reuse regulations nor guidelines. Countries where reuse is developing within an organized institutional setting have elaborated and implemented their own regulations or guidelines. Some countries

In the framework of the international project “Integrated Concepts for Water Reuse” (Aquarec), an independent task-force composed by water and wastewater utilities professionals, consultants and researchers was assigned the task and produced a manual of management practices for water reuse schemes.

EUREAU is a non-profit Union of National Associations of Water Suppliers and Wastewater Services from EU and EFTA countries. EUREAU countries depend on appropriately treated wastewater to protect the environment and ensure that freshwater is available for all applications. Water recycling and reuse

Industries including a fermentation step use large volumes of water to dilute their musts. In beet alcohol distilleries, this water is recovered as condensates during stillage concentration. Because of their high organic content, these condensates cannot be discharged without a treatment. The elimin