Microfiltration

Studies were carried out on the treatment of water for potable purposes using ceramic and capillary membranes. The studies involved the processes of unit microfiltration and ultrafiltration as well as hybrid processes. In the hybrid processes, adsorption on activated carbon and membrane separation w

The efficiency of cross-flow microfiltration processes is limited by membrane fouling and concentration polarization leading to permeate flux decline during operation. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of static turbulence promoter on permeate flux during skim milk microfi

Alginite, mined at Pula (Hungary) is used as a model material. It has been originated from biomass of fossil algae during several millions of years in volcanic craters. Its organic material content is about 5–50%. It was fractionated by alkaline extraction. The solute pH was adjusted to 7, 5 and 2 r

Whey is a by-product of cheese production which is used mainly as animal feed or released into the wastewater treatment process, although it is rich in valuable components. Recent developments in membrane filtration have provided exciting new opportunities for large-scale protein and lactose fractio

The aim of this study was to investigate membrane filtration for must processing and to carry out a complex method for preservation and concentration of grape must. In the experiments white and red grape-juice samples were used. After the transportation of the samples in to the laboratory the impact

Two step coagulation using iron coagulant (FeCl3) with anionic polyelectrolyte in the first step and aluminum coagulant in the second one was made to reduce the negative effect of the fouling phenomenon. The process was operated on the commercial scale. The raw water was the blowdown water from the

In this paper, performance of different pretreatment systems used in the seawater reverse osmosis desalination process is presented. The different pretreatment techniques analyzed included conventional media-filtration technique and non-conventional membrane filtration techniques. For the membrane f

This paper presents an investigation on the removal of hardness by using a crossflow membrane reactor. Lime soda (LS) and caustic soda (CS) were added to hard water as softening chemical agents. The effect of the LS–CS dosage, specific cake resistances (") and transmembrane pressure drop ()P) on ste

The wastewaters generated during the marble processing (cutting and grinding operations), the average flow rates of which are ca. 15 m3/h for a plant producing 45 m2 of polished marble/h, contain a high load of particulate matter. Furthermore, crushed stone operations sometimes use flotation agents,

Since the early 1980s, microfiltration and ultrafiltration have been widely used for drinking water applications. More recently, membranes have started to be used in membrane bioreactors or on secondary wastewater effluents for reuse application. Until recently, in desalination treatment plants seaw